Last modified: 2020-05-08
Abstract
The processing of grapes in the wine industry in parallel with the basic product, also results in waste, which, if not processed, brings great damage to the environment. Although the wine production process is considered to be "environmentally friendly", still after the production of wine there are formed considerable waste that reaches 1.3-1.5 kg per 1 liter of wine produced. Of these, 75% are wastewater, and another 25% are seeds, bunches, pomace, yeast sediment, volatile organic compounds, gas emissions, inorganic waste such as clay, bentonite and perlite. Researches have shown that wine production in Europe produces a volume of just 4.5 million tons a year. This indicates that the transition to a circular economy of this industry is indispensable and emerging. There are examples when some companies in this branch have already reconsidered their traditional linear business models, moving to a sustainable viticulture, for example the Agricultural Cooperative in Vinification "Caviro Extra" in Italy, the wine province Castilla ý Lèon in Spain, Sonoma in California, Les Baux-de-Provence in France As for the wine sector of the Republic of Moldova, which is a priority and strategic of the country, it still operates based on the linear production model "take-make-dispose", where thousands of tons of wine waste instead of being recovered, are not used and cause major damage to the environment. The article proposes a detailed analysis of waste management resulting from the wine sector of the Republic of Moldova in order to identify new valuable products for the pharmaceutical industry, cosmetology, food.